Your Calm Is Their Calm: Co-Regulation Strategies
Zero to Three guide on co-regulation, how a caregiver’s calm presence helps infants and toddlers manage big feelings.
0–6 Months6–12 Months12–18 Months18–24 MonthsSelf-Regulation
Open resourceIt Takes Two: The Role of Co-Regulation in Building Self-Regulation
Zero to Three article explaining how responsive caregiving lays the foundation for a child’s later self-regulation.
0–6 Months6–12 Months12–18 Months18–24 Months2 YearsSelf-Regulation
Open resourceHow Babies Learn Self-Control from Birth to 12 Months
Zero to Three article on the earliest roots of self-regulation and how caregivers nurture them.
0–6 Months6–12 MonthsSelf-Regulation
Open resourceDeveloping Self-Control From 12–24 Months
Zero to Three tips for supporting toddlers as they begin to manage impulses, wait, and cope with frustration.
12–18 Months18–24 MonthsSelf-Regulation
Open resourceExecutive Function & Self-Regulation, Key Concepts
Harvard Center on the Developing Child overview of the brain systems that make self-regulation possible.
2 Years3 Years4 YearsSchool Readiness (5+)Self-Regulation
Open resourceActivities Guide: Enhancing Executive Function & Self-Regulation
Harvard printable of age-based activities that build executive function and self-regulation skills from infancy onward.
6–12 Months12–18 Months18–24 Months2 Years3 Years4 YearsSchool Readiness (5+)Self-Regulation
Open resourceYour Busy Toddler
Canadian Paediatric Society guide to typical toddler behaviour, why toddlers push limits and practical responses that keep everyone regulated.
12–18 Months18–24 Months2 Years3 YearsChallenging Behaviour
Open resourcePyramid Model, Overview & Basics
Evidence-based framework for supporting social-emotional development and preventing challenging behaviour in early childhood settings.
18–24 Months2 Years3 Years4 YearsSchool Readiness (5+)Challenging Behaviour
Open resourceEarly Childhood Development (AAP)
American Academy of Pediatrics hub for early childhood development, behaviour, and family support resources.
0–6 Months6–12 Months12–18 Months18–24 Months2 Years3 Years4 YearsSchool Readiness (5+)Challenging Behaviour
Open resourcePositive Discipline for Young Children
CPS guide on positive discipline, teaching desired behaviour through connection, consistency, and clear expectations rather than punishment.
12–18 Months18–24 Months2 Years3 Years4 YearsSchool Readiness (5+)Positive Behaviour Support
Open resourceDisciplining Your Child
AAP-backed guidance on age-appropriate discipline strategies that build self-regulation and cooperation.
18–24 Months2 Years3 Years4 YearsSchool Readiness (5+)Positive Behaviour Support
Open resourceFamily Engagement Resources (NCPMI)
Curated tools and handouts for families using Pyramid Model strategies at home, routines, expectations, and positive support.
12–18 Months18–24 Months2 Years3 Years4 YearsSchool Readiness (5+)Positive Behaviour Support
Open resourcePBIS World, Tier 1 Strategies
Practical, searchable database of positive behaviour intervention strategies for common classroom concerns.
3 Years4 YearsSchool Readiness (5+)Positive Behaviour Support
Open resourceSocial-Emotional Development
Zero to Three's hub explaining how babies and toddlers build emotional skills, and how caregivers scaffold regulation.
0–6 Months6–12 Months12–18 Months18–24 Months2 Years3 YearsEmotional Regulation
Open resourceSocial & Emotional Development (NAEYC)
NAEYC's topic hub with articles on nurturing self-awareness, empathy, and emotion regulation in the early years.
0–6 Months6–12 Months12–18 Months18–24 Months2 Years3 Years4 YearsSchool Readiness (5+)Emotional Regulation
Open resourceBuilding Resilience in Children
AAP guide on the everyday interactions that build emotional resilience and coping skills.
3 Years4 YearsSchool Readiness (5+)Emotional Regulation
Open resourceTime-Outs 101
AAP guidance on using time-outs as a calm co-regulation tool rather than punishment.
2 Years3 Years4 YearsSchool Readiness (5+)Co-Regulation
Open resourceHanen, Helpful Articles Library
Free articles from The Hanen Centre on responsive interaction, language, and behaviour, a great co-regulation reference.
0–6 Months6–12 Months12–18 Months18–24 Months2 Years3 Years4 YearsSchool Readiness (5+)Co-Regulation
Open resourceTantrums (Zero to Three)
Why tantrums happen developmentally and how to prevent, ride out, and repair after big feelings.
12–18 Months18–24 Months2 Years3 YearsTantrums
Open resourceToddlers and Biting: Finding the Right Response
Zero to Three guide on why toddlers bite and calm, effective adult responses that reduce the behaviour over time.
12–18 Months18–24 Months2 YearsBiting, Hitting and Throwing
Open resourceSeparation Anxiety
How separation anxiety develops, when to expect it, and gentle strategies for goodbyes at drop-off.
6–12 Months12–18 Months18–24 Months2 Years3 YearsSeparation Anxiety
Open resourceHelping Children Cope With Fears
CPS handout explaining common childhood fears and supportive responses that build coping skills.
2 Years3 Years4 YearsSchool Readiness (5+)Anxiety
Open resourceChild & Youth Mental Health (CPS)
Canadian Paediatric Society mental health hub, anxiety, mood, and everyday emotional wellness resources.
0–6 Months6–12 Months12–18 Months18–24 Months2 Years3 Years4 YearsSchool Readiness (5+)Anxiety
Open resourceInBrief: Executive Function
Center on the Developing Child brief on how executive function skills like impulse control develop, and how adults scaffold them.
2 Years3 Years4 YearsSchool Readiness (5+)Impulse Control
Open resourceCognitive Development: 2 Year Olds
AAP overview of thinking, attention, and impulse-related skills emerging around age two.
2 YearsImpulse Control
Open resourcePBS Parents, Thrive
PBS Parents' hub for social-emotional development, transitions, and everyday behaviour support.
2 Years3 Years4 YearsSchool Readiness (5+)Transitions
Open resourceEarly Childhood Mental Health Consultation Toolkit
Free toolkit for programs supporting children's mental health and behaviour in classroom settings.
18–24 Months2 Years3 Years4 YearsSchool Readiness (5+)Classroom Behaviour
Open resourceAggressive Behavior in Toddlers
Zero To Three guidance on why toddlers hit, bite, and push, plus responsive strategies caregivers can use in the moment.
12–18 Months18–24 Months2 Years3 YearsAggression
Open resourceAggressive Behavior in Young Children
American Academy of Pediatrics HealthyChildren article on developmental causes of aggression and family strategies.
2 Years3 Years4 YearsAggression
Open resourcePositive Discipline for Young Children
Canadian Paediatric Society parent guide on age-typical aggression, triggers, and when to seek help.
2 Years3 Years4 YearsSchool Readiness (5+)Aggression
Open resourceToddler Biting: Finding the Right Response
Zero To Three explainer on why toddlers bite and concrete steps to reduce biting at home and in care.
12–18 Months18–24 Months2 YearsBiting, Hitting and Throwing
Open resourceUnderstanding and Responding to Children Who Bite
NAEYC article for early educators on prevention plans, response scripts, and family communication when biting happens in a program.
12–18 Months18–24 Months2 YearsBiting, Hitting and Throwing
Open resourceDiscipline for Young Children: Guidance for Effective Discipline
AAP HealthyChildren guidance covering hitting, throwing, and physical outbursts with alternatives to punishment.
2 Years3 Years4 YearsSchool Readiness (5+)Biting, Hitting and Throwing
Open resourceHow to Help Your Child Stop Hitting and Pushing
Pyramid Model Consortium practical brief on preventing and responding to hitting using positive behaviour supports.
2 Years3 Years4 YearsBiting, Hitting and Throwing
Open resourceWhy Toddlers Throw Things and What to Do
Zero To Three explains the developmental reasons behind throwing and gives redirection scripts.
12–18 Months18–24 Months2 YearsBiting, Hitting and Throwing
Open resourceToddler Throwing: Why It Happens and What to Do
Raising Children Network practical guide to managing throwing behaviour in toddlers.
12–18 Months18–24 Months2 YearsBiting, Hitting and Throwing
Open resourceToddler Tantrums: Why They Happen and How to Respond
Zero To Three guide covering tantrum triggers, co-regulation, and calm-down strategies.
12–18 Months18–24 Months2 Years3 YearsTantrums
Open resourceTemper Tantrums
AAP HealthyChildren article on tantrums during preschool years with practical responses.
18–24 Months2 Years3 Years4 YearsTantrums
Open resourceSeparation Anxiety in Young Children
Zero To Three guidance on separation anxiety across infancy and toddlerhood with drop-off strategies.
6–12 Months12–18 Months18–24 Months2 YearsSeparation Anxiety
Open resourceHow to Ease Your Child's Separation Anxiety
AAP HealthyChildren tips for reducing separation anxiety at drop-off and bedtime.
12–18 Months18–24 Months2 Years3 YearsSeparation Anxiety
Open resourceDifficult Goodbyes: Supporting Toddlers With Separation Anxiety
Anxiety Canada guide for parents on recognizing and supporting anxiety in early childhood.
3 Years4 YearsSchool Readiness (5+)Anxiety
Open resourceHelping With Anxiety and Transitions
Practical strategies for smoothing daily transitions from Caring for Kids (Canadian Paediatric Society).
18–24 Months2 Years3 Years4 YearsTransitions
Open resourceHelping Children Understand Routines and Classroom Schedules
Vanderbilt CSEFEL what-works brief on visual schedules that ease transitions.
2 Years3 Years4 YearsSchool Readiness (5+)Transitions
Open resourceDeveloping Self-Control
Zero To Three overview of how young children build impulse control, plus co-regulation tips.
12–18 Months18–24 Months2 Years3 YearsImpulse Control
Open resourcePyramid Model for Supporting Social Emotional Competence
National Center for Pyramid Model Innovations resource library on classroom-wide behaviour support.
2 Years3 Years4 YearsSchool Readiness (5+)Classroom Behaviour
Open resourceCo-Regulation from Birth Through Young Adulthood
Administration for Children and Families brief on how caregivers scaffold self-regulation across development.
0–6 Months6–12 Months12–18 Months18–24 Months2 Years3 YearsCo-Regulation
Open resourceHitting, Biting and Other Aggressive Behaviour
Raising Children Network parent guide with prevention and response scripts for hitting behaviour.
18–24 Months2 Years3 YearsBiting, Hitting and Throwing
Open resourceManaging Throwing at Home
Practical, developmentally informed strategies for redirecting throwing safely.
12–18 Months18–24 Months2 YearsBiting, Hitting and Throwing
Open resourceCulturally Responsive Strategies for Challenging Behaviour
NAEYC guidance on classroom set-up, routines, and relationships that prevent challenging behaviour.
2 Years3 Years4 YearsSchool Readiness (5+)Classroom Behaviour
Open resource